Install Oracle 12C Release 1 (12.1) on Oracle Linux 5 (OEL5)

This article presents installation of Oracle database 12C(12.1) on OEL5.

Read following article to install OEL5 Linux: Install Oracle Linux 5 64 bit(for comfort set 2G memory for your virtual machine). During OEL5 installation I drop user oracle and both group dba and oinstall.

Software

Software for 12CR1 is available on OTN or edelivery

Database software

linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip 
linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

Requirements

Supported distributions:

Oracle Linux 5 Update 6 with the Unbreakable Enterprise kernel: 2.6.32-100.0.19 or later
Oracle Linux 5 Update 6 with the Red Hat compatible kernel: 2.6.18-238.0.0.0.1.el5 or later

OS configuration and preparation

OS configuration is executed as root. To login as root just execute following command in terminal.

su - root

It’s recommended to update your OEL5 kernel to latest version as root

yum update

The “/etc/hosts” file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

<IP-address>  <fully-qualified-machine-name>  <machine-name>

For example.

127.0.0.1 oel5.dbaora.com oel5 localhost.localdomain localhost

Add groups

#groups for database management
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin

Add user Oracle for database software

useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba oracle

Change password for user Oracle

passwd oracle

OS configuration

Check which packages are installed and which are missing

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}(%{ARCH})\n' binutils \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-common \
glibc-devel \
glibc-headers \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
libXext \
libXtst \
libX11 \
libXau \
libXi \
make \
sysstat \
unixODBC \
unixODBC-devel

Install missing packages. It’s just example:

#directory with mounted Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 install disk

cd <path with Oracle Enterprise Linux 5>/Server/Packages

#install missed packages (example for package unixODBC*)

rpm -Uvh unixODBC*

Add kernel parameters to /etc/sysctl.conf

--kernel parameters for 12gR1 installation

fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
kernel.panic_on_oops=1

Apply kernel parameters

/sbin/sysctl -p

Add following lines to set shell limits for user oracle in file /etc/security/limits.conf

--shell limits for users oracle 12gR1

oracle   soft   nofile   1024
oracle   hard   nofile   65536
oracle   soft   nproc    2047
oracle   hard   nproc    16384
oracle   soft   stack    10240
oracle   hard   stack    32768

Add following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist

session required pam_limits.so

Modify /etc/selinux/config and change flag SELINUX. Restart server after this change.

SELINUX=permissive

Disable firewall

service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

Additional steps

Add following lines in .bash_profile for user oracle

# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel5.dbaora.com
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C
export ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=ORA12C

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;

alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE'
alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME'
alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'
alias envo='env | grep ORACLE'

umask 022

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
       ulimit -u 16384 
       ulimit -n 65536
    else
       ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
fi

envo

Directory structure

Create directory structure

ORACLE_BASE – /ora01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME – /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
chown oracle:oinstall -R /ora01

Shared memory check

Ensure that the /dev/shm mount area is of type tmpfs and is mounted with one of the following options:

With rw and execute permissions set on it
With noexec or nosuid not set on it

For example you can have following settings

[root@oel5 Desktop]# more /etc/fstab |grep "tmpfs"
tmpfs   /dev/shm   tmpfs   defaults   0 0

If necessary, change the mount settings. Open the /etc/fstab file with a text editor, and modify the tmpfs line:

tmpfs     /dev/shm     /tmpfs     rw,exec      0 0

Once it’s done remount it

mount -o remount tmpfs

Install database software

Let’s start with database software installation as oracle user.

su - oracle

--unizp software
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip 
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

--I defined 4 aliases in .bash_profile of user oracle to make 
--administration heaven :)

[oracle@oel5 ~]$ alias envo cdob cdoh tns
alias envo='env | grep ORACLE'
alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE'
alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME'
alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'

--run alias command envo to display environment settings
[oracle@oel5 ~]$ envo
ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C
ORACLE_SID=ORA12C
ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel5.dbaora.com
ORACLE_HOME=/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

--run alias command cdob and cdoh to check ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME 
[oracle@oel5 ~]$ cdob
[oracle@oel5 oracle]$ pwd
/ora01/app/oracle

[oracle@oel5 db_1]$ cdoh
[oracle@oel5 db_1]$ pwd
/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

--run installation
./runInstaller

1. Uncheck checkbox “I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support” and then click “Next” button.

2. Ignore following message and click “Yes” button.

3. Select “Create and configure a database” then click “Next” button.

4. Select “Server class” and click “Next” button.

5. Accept default “Single instance database installation” and click “Next” button.

6. Select “Advanced install” to later select more options during database installation and click “Next” button.

7. You can select language here. Once it’s done click “Next” button.

8. You can select here type of binaries to install. Once it’s done click “Next” button.

9. Here you should see directories for ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME for your binaries according to environmental settings. Click “Next” button.

10. Accept default and click “Next” button.

11. Accept default “General Purpose/ transaction Processing” and click “Next” button.

12. Here you define your database name. Check checkbox “Create as Container database” and enter “Pluggable database name” to add your first container ORA12C and pluggable PORA12C1 database and click “Next” button.

13. Specify more details about your database on 3 tabs where you can define memory settings, character set and if to install sample schema on your database. Once you are happy with your settings click “Next” button.

14. Specify directory where you want to install your database files then click “Next” button.

15. On this page you can register your database in Oracle Enterprise Manager”. Accept default settings and click “Next” button.

16. Check checkbox “Enable Recovery” to specify directory for your recovery area “Recovery area location” and click “Next” button.

17. Specify password for each user or enter the same for all. Once it’s done click “Next” button.

18. Here you can specify OS group for each oracle group. Accept default settings and click “Next” button.

19. Checks are started to verify if OS is ready to install database software.

20. If everything is right click “Install” button. It’s the last moment to come back to each of previous point and make changes.

21. Installation in progress … go play football

22. Once binaries are installed the last step is to run 2 scripts as user root.

--execute scripts
/ora01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh

23. Installation will continue …

24. Database Configuration Assistant will start automatically and create database for you.

25. When database is ready you should see summary window. You can click “Password Management” to change passwords for many accounts in database. Once it’s done click “OK” button to continue.